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1 строительная работа
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2 constructiewerkzaamheden
• constructional engineering• constructional work• design engineeringNederlands-Engels Technisch Woordenboek > constructiewerkzaamheden
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3 строительная работа
Русско-английский военно-политический словарь > строительная работа
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4 строительные работы
1) General subject: works2) Engineering: building activity, construction work3) Construction: building and construction work, building operations, building work, civil (сокр. от civil construction (works)), civil engineering constructive works, construction job, constructional work, constructive activities4) Economy: civil work, construction operations5) Architecture: construction activities, construction works6) Business: building and construction works, building works, civil engineering works7) Oilfield: construction works8) EBRD: civil works, construction9) Makarov: civil engineering work10) Logistics: work servicesУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > строительные работы
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5 Hansom, Joseph Aloysius
SUBJECT AREA: Land transport[br]b. 26 October 1803 York, Englandd. 29 June 1883 Fulham, London, England[br]English architect and inventor, originator of the Hansom cab.[br]In 1816 he was apprenticed to his father, who was a joiner. After a year his abilities in design and construction were so marked that it was decided that he would have more scope as an architect. He was accordingly apprenticed to a Mr Phillips in York, becoming a clerk to Phillips in 1820. While he served his time he also worked on his own account and taught at a night school. In 1825 he married Hannah Glover and settled in Halifax, where he became Assistant to another architect. In 1828 he became a partner of Edward Welch, with whom he built a number of churches in the north of England. He designed the Town Hall for Birmingham and was responsible for the constructional work until 1833, but he had to become bond because the builders caused him to become bankrupt. He was appointed Manager of the business affairs of Dempster Hemming of Caldicote Hall, which included the landed estates, banking and coal-mining. It was during this period that he designed the "Patent Safety Cab" named after him and popular in Victorian days. The safety element consisted in lowering the centre of gravity by the use of the cranked axle. Hansom sold his rights for £10,000 to a company proposing to exploit the patent, but he was never paid, for the company got into difficulties; Hansom became its temporary Manager in 1839 and put matters right, for which he was paid £300, all he ever made out of the Hansom Cab. In 1842 he brought out the first issue of The Builder, but lack of capital caused him to retire from the journal. He devoted himself from then on to domestic and ecclesiastical architecture, designing many churches, colleges, convents and schools all over Britain and even in Australia and South America. Of note is St Walburga's church, Preston, Lancashire, whose spire is 306 ft (93 m) high. At various times he was in partnership with his younger brother, his eldest son, and with E.W.Pugin with whom he had a disagreement. He was a Catholic and much of his work was for the Catholic Church.[br]Further Reading1882, The Builder (8 July).1882, Illustrated London News (15 July).IMcNBiographical history of technology > Hansom, Joseph Aloysius
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6 Bauauftrag
Deutsch-Englisch Fachwörterbuch Architektur und Bauwesen > Bauauftrag
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7 Kunstbau
Deutsch-Englisch Fachwörterbuch Architektur und Bauwesen > Kunstbau
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8 приемка-сдача строительных работ
Русско-Английский новый экономический словарь > приемка-сдача строительных работ
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9 строителен
building (attr.), construction (attr.)строителен обект, строителна площадка a building/construction site/projectстроителни материали building materialsстроителни отпадъци building refuseстроителен работник builder, a construction workerстроителна бригада a construction teamстроителна работа construction work, buildingстроителен сезон a building seasonстроително инженерство civil/constructional engineering* * *строѝтелен,прил., -на, -но, -ни building (attr.), construction (attr.); \строителенен обект, \строителенна площадка building/construction site/project; \строителенен работник builder, construction worker; \строителенна бригада construction team; \строителенна кооперация building society; \строителенна работа construction work, building.* * *building: строителен-society - строителна кооперация, строителен materials - строителни материали, a строителен site - строителна площадка; construction: a строителен team - строителна бригада; structural* * *1. building (attr.), construction (attr.) 2. СТРОИТЕЛЕН обект, строителна площадка a building/ construction site/project 3. СТРОИТЕЛЕН работник builder, a construction worker 4. СТРОИТЕЛЕН сезон a building season 5. строителна бригада a construction team 6. строителна работа construction work, building 7. строителни материали building materials 8. строителни отпадъци building refuse 9. строително инженерство civil/ constructional engineering -
10 Gropius, Walter Adolf
SUBJECT AREA: Architecture and building[br]b. 18 May 1883 Berlin, Germanyd. 5 July 1969 Boston, USA[br]German co-founder of the modern movement of architecture.[br]A year after he began practice as an architect, Gropius was responsible for the pace-setting Fagus shoe-last factory at Alfeld-an-der-Leine in Germany, one of the few of his buildings to survive the Second World War. Today the building does not appear unusual, but in 1911 it was a revolutionary prototype, heralding the glass curtain walled method of non-load-bearing cladding that later became ubiquitous. Made from glass, steel and reinforced concrete, this factory initiated a new concept, that of the International school of modern architecture.In 1919 Gropius was appointed to head the new School of Art and Design at Weimar, the Staatliches Bauhaus. The school had been formed by an amalgamation of the Grand Ducal schools of fine and applied arts founded in 1906. Here Gropius put into practice his strongly held views and he was so successful that this small college, which trained only a few hundred students in the limited years of its existence, became world famous, attracting artists, architects and students of quality from all over Europe.Gropius's idea was to set up an institution where students of all the arts and crafts could work together and learn from one another. He abhorred the artificial barriers that had come to exist between artists and craftsmen and saw them all as interdependent. He felt that manual dexterity was as essential as creative design. Every Bauhaus student, whatever the individual's field of work or talent, took the same original workshop training. When qualified they were able to understand and supervise all the aesthetic and constructional processes that made up the scope of their work.In 1924, because of political changes, the Weimar Bauhaus was closed, but Gropius was invited to go to Dessau to re-establish it in a new purpose-built school which he designed. This group of buildings became a prototype that designers of the new architectural form emulated. Gropius left the Bauhaus in 1928, only a few years before it was finally closed due to the growth of National Socialism. He moved to England in 1934, but because of a lack of architectural opportunities and encouragement he continued on his way to the USA, where he headed the Department of Architecture at Harvard University's Graduate School of Design from 1937 to 1952. After his retirement from there Gropius formed the Architect's Collaborative and, working with other architects such as Marcel Breuer and Pietro Belluschi, designed a number of buildings (for example, the US Embassy in Athens (1960) and the Pan Am Building in New York (1963)).[br]Bibliography1984, Scope of Total Architecture, Allen \& Unwin.Further ReadingN.Pevsner, 1936, Pioneers of the Modern Movement: From William Morris to Walter Gropius, Penguin.C.Jenck, 1973, Modern Movements in Architecture, Penguin.H.Probst and C.Shädlich, 1988, Walter Gropius, Berlin: Ernst \& Son.DY -
11 Li Jie (Li Chieh)
SUBJECT AREA: Architecture and building[br]fl. 1085–1110 China[br]Chinese architect who revised the Chinese treatise on architectural method, Ying Zao Fa Shi.[br]He was a first-rate architect and from 1092 was an assistant in the Directorate of Buildings and Construction. He must have shown promise as an architect for he was commissioned to revise the old manuals of architecture. The work was completed in 1100 and printed three years later as the treatise for which he is best known, the Ying Zao Fa Shi (Treatise on Architectural Method). This work has been called the greatest and definitive treatise of any age in the millennial tradition of Chinese architecture. The work is noted for the comprehensive range of constructions covered and the thoroughness of its instruction to architects. The detailed instructions for the construction and shaping of woodwork are not found in European literature until the eighteenth century. The illustrations are fine and the excellence of the constructional drawings makes them the earliest working drawings. He was a distinguished practising builder, as well as a writer, for he erected administrative offices, palace apartments, gates and gate towers, together with the ancestral temples of the Sung dynasty as well as Buddhist temples.[br]Further ReadingJ.Needham, Science and Civilisation in China, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1965, Vols IV. 2, pp. 49, 549, 551; 1971, IV. 3, pp. 84–5, 107.LRD -
12 проектирование
1) General subject: design, designing, engineering, graphics, project conception (engineering), projection, scheming2) Naval: lay out3) Military: draft, draw plans, (конструкторское) engineering4) Engineering: constructional design, development, planning, projecting5) Chemistry: construction7) Economy: project planning8) Automobile industry: drafting9) Mining: layout of plan10) Telecommunications: design work11) Astronautics: engineering research12) Cartography: plumbing, vertical transfer13) Mechanics: development work14) Drilling: layout15) Sakhalin energy glossary: design basis, eng'g, engrg, design package16) Microelectronics: design discipline, design effort17) Automation: design engineering, design planning, (техническое) engineering design, laying-out, project engineering, project management18) Sakhalin S: engineering, procurement and construction19) Aviation medicine: design process20) oil&gas: engineering design -
13 стальная конструкция
1) General subject: steelwork2) Construction: constructional steel work, iron structure, steel conduit, steel construction, steel structure3) Automobile industry: steel frame, steel-frame4) Mechanics: steel work5) Automation: ironwork6) Cement: steel-framed structureУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > стальная конструкция
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14 строительство
1) General subject: building, construction, housebuilding (домов), real estate development, wet crossing (также wet cut crossing, предусматривает выкапывание траншеи при сохранении течения в русле (река продожает течь через площадку работ), используется на малых или менее уязвимых водотоках)2) American: construction activity3) Engineering: building industry, building site (место проведения строительных работ), civil engineering, construction engineering, constructional engineering, development, engineering, erection, fabrication4) Construction: building and construction, civil engineering work, construction activities5) Railway term: project6) Law: building construction7) Economy: construction operations8) Forestry: undertaking9) Oil: construction (трубопроводов, морских сооружений, промыслов, скважин)10) Food industry: building-up11) Business: building activity, building and construction work, site area12) Oilfield: rigging-up (буровых)13) Makarov: building industry (как отрасль народного хозяйства), buildings, construction industry, construction industry (как отрасль народного хозяйства), installation15) Aluminium industry: (гражданское) civil engineering -
15 строительство
1) General subject: building, construction, housebuilding (домов), real estate development, wet crossing (также wet cut crossing, предусматривает выкапывание траншеи при сохранении течения в русле (река продожает течь через площадку работ), используется на малых или менее уязвимых водотоках)2) American: construction activity3) Engineering: building industry, building site (место проведения строительных работ), civil engineering, construction engineering, constructional engineering, development, engineering, erection, fabrication4) Construction: building and construction, civil engineering work, construction activities5) Railway term: project6) Law: building construction7) Economy: construction operations8) Forestry: undertaking9) Oil: construction (трубопроводов, морских сооружений, промыслов, скважин)10) Food industry: building-up11) Business: building activity, building and construction work, site area12) Oilfield: rigging-up (буровых)13) Makarov: building industry (как отрасль народного хозяйства), buildings, construction industry, construction industry (как отрасль народного хозяйства), installation15) Aluminium industry: (гражданское) civil engineering -
16 сооружение
1. improvement2. worksобщественные работы; общественные сооружения — public works
3. building4. edifice5. erection6. construction; building; structure7. fabric8. frame9. structureСинонимический ряд:строительство (сущ.) возведение; постройка; постройку; строительство; стройка; стройку -
17 Wren, Sir Christopher
SUBJECT AREA: Architecture and building[br]b. 20 October 1632 East Knoyle, Wiltshire, Englandd. 25 February 1723 London, England[br]English architect whose background in scientific research and achievement enhanced his handling of many near-intractable architectural problems.[br]Born into a High Church and Royalist family, the young Wren early showed outstanding intellectual ability and at Oxford in 1654 was described as "that miracle of a youth". Educated at Westminster School, he went up to Oxford, where he graduated at the age of 19 and obtained his master's degree two years later. From this time onwards his interests were in science, primarily astronomy but also physics, engineering and meteorology. While still at college he developed theories about and experimentally solved some fifty varied problems. At the age of 25 Wren was appointed to the Chair of Astronomy at Gresham College in London, but he soon returned to Oxford as Savilian Professor of Astronomy there. At the same time he became one of the founder members of the Society of Experimental Philosophy at Oxford, which was awarded its Royal Charter soon after the Restoration of 1660; Wren, together with such men as Isaac Newton, Robert Hooke, John Evelyn and Robert Boyle, then found himself a member of the Royal Society.Wren's architectural career began with the classical chapel that he built, at the request of his uncle, the Bishop of Ely, for Pembroke College, Cambridge (1663). From this time onwards, until he died at the age of 91, he was fully occupied with a wide and taxing variety of architectural problems which he faced in the execution of all the great building schemes of the day. His scientific background and inventive mind stood him in good stead in solving such difficulties with an often unusual approach and concept. Nowhere was this more apparent than in his rebuilding of fifty-one churches in the City of London after the Great Fire, in the construction of the new St Paul's Cathedral and in the grand layout of the Royal Hospital at Greenwich.The first instance of Wren's approach to constructional problems was in his building of the Sheldonian Theatre in Oxford (1664–9). He based his design upon that of the Roman Theatre of Marcellus (13–11 BC), which he had studied from drawings in Serlio's book of architecture. Wren's reputation as an architect was greatly enhanced by his solution to the roofing problem here. The original theatre in Rome, like all Roman-theatres, was a circular building open to the sky; this would be unsuitable in the climate of Oxford and Wren wished to cover the English counterpart without using supporting columns, which would have obscured the view of the stage. He solved this difficulty mathematically, with the aid of his colleague Dr Wallis, the Professor of Geometry, by means of a timber-trussed roof supporting a painted ceiling which represented the open sky.The City of London's churches were rebuilt over a period of nearly fifty years; the first to be completed and reopened was St Mary-at-Hill in 1676, and the last St Michael Cornhill in 1722, when Wren was 89. They had to be rebuilt upon the original medieval sites and they illustrate, perhaps more clearly than any other examples of Wren's work, the fertility of his imagination and his ability to solve the most intractable problems of site, limitation of space and variation in style and material. None of the churches is like any other. Of the varied sites, few are level or possess right-angled corners or parallel sides of equal length, and nearly all were hedged in by other, often larger, buildings. Nowhere is his versatility and inventiveness shown more clearly than in his designs for the steeples. There was no English precedent for a classical steeple, though he did draw upon the Dutch examples of the 1630s, because the London examples had been medieval, therefore Roman Catholic and Gothic, churches. Many of Wren's steeples are, therefore, Gothic steeples in classical dress, but many were of the greatest originality and delicate beauty: for example, St Mary-le-Bow in Cheapside; the "wedding cake" St Bride in Fleet Street; and the temple diminuendo concept of Christ Church in Newgate Street.In St Paul's Cathedral Wren showed his ingenuity in adapting the incongruous Royal Warrant Design of 1675. Among his gradual and successful amendments were the intriguing upper lighting of his two-storey choir and the supporting of the lantern by a brick cone inserted between the inner and outer dome shells. The layout of the Royal Hospital at Greenwich illustrates Wren's qualities as an overall large-scale planner and designer. His terms of reference insisted upon the incorporation of the earlier existing Queen's House, erected by Inigo Jones, and of John Webb's King Charles II block. The Queen's House, in particular, created a difficult problem as its smaller size rendered it out of scale with the newer structures. Wren's solution was to make it the focal centre of a great vista between the main flanking larger buildings; this was a masterstroke.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsKnighted 1673. President, Royal Society 1681–3. Member of Parliament 1685–7 and 1701–2. Surveyor, Greenwich Hospital 1696. Surveyor, Westminster Abbey 1699.Surveyor-General 1669–1712.Further ReadingR.Dutton, 1951, The Age of Wren, Batsford.M.Briggs, 1953, Wren the Incomparable, Allen \& Unwin. M.Whinney, 1971, Wren, Thames \& Hudson.K.Downes, 1971, Christopher Wren, Allen Lane.G.Beard, 1982, The Work of Sir Christopher Wren, Bartholomew.DY -
18 изделие рамочной конструкции
Forestry: carcase work, constructional unitУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > изделие рамочной конструкции
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19 конструкция
2) Computers: phrase3) Medicine: structure4) Engineering: arrangement, configuration, construction design, orbiter-based construction, palletizel configuration, project, specification, style, works, concept5) Construction: carcass, protected construction, fabric6) Railway term: carcase7) Law: (документа) structure8) Economy: assembly9) Architecture: spere11) Textile: construction (напр. станка), make (машины)12) Information technology: construct, phrase( синтаксическая)13) Immunology: construct( генно-инженерная) (векторная ДНК, несущая клонированные последовательности искомого гена)14) Sociology: composition, fixture15) Astronautics: airframe16) Metrology: design format, format17) Patents: embodiment19) Oilfield: type of construction (устройство машины, установки)20) Microelectronics: architecture21) Automation: engineering design, hardware22) Cables: aggregate23) Makarov: construct (особ. мысленная), construction (сооружение), design (инженерное решение), installation, structure (сооружение), system24) Research and development: constructional design -
20 металлическая конструкция
1) General subject: ironwork2) Engineering: assembled sections, assembled steel sections, constructional engineering, metal construction, metalwork3) Oilfield: metal structure4) Makarov: metal work, metallic structure, steel structureУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > металлическая конструкция
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